Daim ntawv thov ntawm Activated Carbon hauv Kub Rov Qab

Hauv kev lag luam rho tawm kub, cov pa roj carbon activated yog cov khoom siv tseem ceeb uas siv los ua kom nqus tau thiab ua kom muaj zog tsawg -cov ntsiab lus kub los ntawm cov tshuaj cyanide. Its core function is to selectively enrich gold cyanide complexes in its large pore structure through physical adsorption, achieving a thousand-fold increase in mass concentration and laying the foundation for subsequent efficient recovery.

 

I. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm Activated Carbon hauv Kub Rov Qab

 

Tom qab cyanide leaching ntawm kub ore, kub muaj nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj raws li kub cyanide anions (Au(CN)₂⁻) ntawm feem ntau tsis tshua muaj concentrations. Nws yog kev lag luam nyuaj kom ncaj qha rov qab kub los ntawm cov kev daws teeb meem zoo li no. Cov pa roj carbon activated, nrog rau nws qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm qhov chaw siab heev (kwv yees li 1000 m² / g) thiab cov qauv pore tshwj xeeb, dhau los ua qhov nruab nrab zoo tagnrho rau kev txhawb nqa kub los ntawm kev daws teeb meem.

Hauv kev tsim khoom, cov txiv maj phaub plhaub tau txais cov pa roj carbon monoxide feem ntau yog siv. Nws yog tsim los ntawm chav ua kom muaj zog thiab muaj zog txaus thiab hnav tsis kam tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj hauv cov pa roj carbon - hauv - txheej txheem pulp.

 

II. Kub Adsorption Mechanism: Ion Pair Kub cyanide anions raug nqi tsis zoo, thaum lub ntsej muag ntawm cov pa roj carbon activated yog hluav taws xob nruab nrab, yog li tsis tuaj yeem adsorption ncaj qha. Kub adsorption cia siab rau qhov tsim ntawm "ion khub". Calcium ions (Ca²⁺, feem ntau yog los ntawm cov txiv qaub ntxiv) hauv cov tshuaj ua ke nrog ob lub kub cyanide anions los tsim cov hluav taws xob tsis zoo calcium-kub cyanide ion khub: Ca[Au(CN)₂]₂. Cov khub ion nruab nrab no yog lub cev adsorbed rau ntawm qhov chaw pore ntawm cov pa roj carbon activated los ntawm van der Waals rog.

Qhov no yog ib tug reversible dynamic equilibrium txheej txheem. Muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov kub concentration hauv kev daws teeb meem thiab kub thauj khoom ntawm cov pa roj carbon activated. Txhawm rau txo qis kub concentration hauv kev daws teeb meem thiab ua kom cov kub thauj khoom ntawm cov pa roj carbon ntau, ib txoj kev sib tiv tauj tam sim no tau txais: cov kub -cov kabmob pulp ntws los ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam adsorption, thaum cov pa roj carbon activated txav mus rau qhov sib txawv. Cov pa roj carbon tshiab tau ntxiv los ntawm lub tank kawg thiab ntws mus rau thawj lub tank nrog qhov kub siab tshaj plaws; lub pulp ntws los ntawm thawj lub tank mus rau lub tank kawg. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, cov kub concentration hauv cov tailings tawm ntawm lub tank kawg tuaj yeem raug txo kom qis qis, thaum kub -loaded carbon tshem tawm ntawm thawj lub tank ua tiav lub peev xwm siab.

III. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb cuam tshuam rau Gold Adsorption Efficiency Kub adsorption efficiency cuam tshuam los ntawm ntau yam kev ua haujlwm thiab tshuaj lom neeg.

 

1. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub cev: Lub pulp ntom yuav tsum nyob ze rau qhov ntub dej ntawm cov pa roj carbon activated (kwv yees li 1.3-1.5 t / m³) kom ntseeg tau tias cov pa roj carbon monoxide raug tshem tawm thiab tsis txhob muaj sedimentation lossis ntab. Kev nplawm kom txaus tuaj yeem txo cov tuab ntawm cov kua ciam txheej ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide thiab ua kom cov huab hwm coj hloov pauv thiab diffusion kub rau hauv cov pa roj carbon.

 

2. Activated Carbon Properties: Cov pa roj carbon monoxide me me yog qhov zoo rau kev nrawm adsorption kinetics tab sis ua rau muaj qhov nyuaj ntawm kev tshuaj ntsuam thiab rov qab. Kev lag luam, feem ntau siv particle loj yog 1-3 millimeters (piv txwv li, 6 × 12 mesh lossis 8 × 16 mesh). Lub hardness ntawm carbon yog qhov tseem ceeb, vim nws yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj thaum lub sij hawm nplawm, twj tso kua mis, thiab cov txheej txheem rov tsim dua tshiab. Txiv maj phaub plhaub carbon ua tau zoo heev hauv qhov no.

 

3. Competitive Adsorption thiab Poisons: Qhov no yog qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb cuam tshuam rau tus nqi rov qab.

- Organic Poisons: Organic tshuaj xws li flotation reagents (xws li, xanthates), lubricating oils, thiab humic acids sib tw nrog kub rau qhov chaw adsorption thiab tej zaum yuav thaiv qhov pores. Qee cov flotation reagents tuaj yeem txo qhov adsorption kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov pa roj carbon activated ntau dua 60%. Cov organic tshuaj lom no feem ntau raug tshem tawm los ntawm cov kauj ruam tom ntej thermal regeneration.

- Inorganic Poisons: Feem ntau cyanide complexes ntawm lwm yam hlau (xws li, tooj liab, npib tsib xee, nyiaj). Lawv kuj tuaj yeem tsim cov ion khub los ua adsorbed, tuav cov chaw nquag. Kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau them rau qhov cuam tshuam ntawm tooj liab. Nws daim ntawv cyanide hauv cov tshuaj hloov pauv nrog pH, thiab nws yooj yim dua adsorbed thaum pH qis dua 10.5. Feem ntau cov tshuaj lom inorganic tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm los ntawm kev ntxuav cov kua qaub.

- Scaling: Thaum lub sij hawm CIP txheej txheem, calcium ions thiab carbonate tej zaum yuav tsim precipitates xws li calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) nyob rau saum npoo ntawm activated carbon. Cov txheej txheej no feem ntau tso thiab thaiv qhov nkag ntawm mesopores thiab macropores ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide, cuam tshuam qhov diffusion ntawm kub rau hauv micropores. Kev ntxuav cov kua qaub tsis tu ncua tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov txheej txheem no.

 

4. Tshuaj Chemical Ib puag ncig:

- pH thiab Cyanide Concentration: Industrially, pH feem ntau yog khaws cia nyob nruab nrab ntawm 10-11 los tswj kev tsim cov roj HCN lom. Kev txaus siab dawb cyanide concentration yog qhov tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej qhov zoo ntawm kev tawg thiab ruaj khov ntawm kub.

- Kub: Kub adsorption yog txheej txheem exothermic, yog li qhov kub qis dua yog qhov zoo rau adsorption. Ntau lub chaw ua haujlwm feem ntau ua tiav cov nqi rov qab siab dua thaum lub caij txias. Hauv qhov sib piv, cov txheej txheem desorption tom ntej yuav tsum tau kub siab.

- Ionic Strength: Lub xub ntiag ntawm alkaline ntiaj teb hlau ions xws li calcium thiab magnesium yog tsim nyog rau kev tsim ntawm kub cyanide ion khub.

 

IV. Desorption: Desorbing Kub los ntawm Activated Carbon Cov kub - loaded carbon adsorbed nrog siab -concentration kub yuav tsum tau undergo desorption (elution) kev kho mob kom hloov kub rov qab mus rau cov tshuaj rau electrolytic purification.

 

Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm desorption yog los tsim cov xwm txheej tsis zoo rau adsorption thiab thim rov qab cov txheej txheem adsorption. Kev lag luam, ob txoj kev paub tab feem ntau yog siv: txoj kev AARL thiab Zadra txoj kev. Ob leeg yog ua raws li cov kauj ruam hauv qab no:

1. Thaum qhov kub thiab txias, siab -concentration sodium ion (los ntawm sodium hydroxide) tov yog siv los hloov cov calcium ions hauv kub cyanide ion khub nrog sodium ions los ntawm kev sib pauv ion, ua kom tsis tshua muaj sodium -kub cyanide ion khub.

2. Qhov kub thiab txias txhawb kev decomposition ntawm tsis ruaj tsis khov sodium-kub cyanide ion khub, thiab kub cyanide anions raug tso tawm rov qab rau hauv cov tshuaj los ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov pa roj carbon activated.

Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ob qhov lus dag nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem kev sib xyaw ua ke: AARL txoj kev yog ib qho kev ua haujlwm batch, thiab cov desorbed kub - nplua nuj tov (xws li cev xeeb tub) raug xa mus rau ib qho kev ywj pheej electrolysis Rhiav; txoj kev Zadra txuas cov kab desorption thiab electrolytic cell nyob rau hauv series los tsim ib tug kaw - voj voj voog, realizing desorption thiab electrolysis ib txhij. Txawm hais tias siv txoj kev twg los xij, lub hom phiaj yog kom txo cov ntsiab lus kub ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide rov qab mus rau hauv qhov hluav taws xob adsorption kom qis dua li ntawm 50 grams tauj ib tuj los kho nws cov peev xwm adsorption.

 

V. Cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb: CIP, CIL, thiab Pumpcell

 

Muaj peb yam tseem ceeb ntawm activated carbon kub extraction txheej txheem:

Carbon nyob rau hauv Pulp (CIP): Cov ore ua ntej ua tiav feem ntau ntawm cov kub dissolution los ntawm ywj siab cyanide leaching tso tsheb hlau luam, thiab ces cov pulp nkag mus rau ib tug series ntawm adsorption tso tsheb hlau luam rau kub adsorption. Lub pulp ntws mus rau pem hauv ntej, thiab cov pa roj carbon activated yog thauj countercurrently. Nws "kev sib piv ntxiv" (qhov piv ntawm kub-loaded carbon qib los pub cov tshuaj kub qib) feem ntau yog 1000-1200.

Cov pa roj carbon hauv Leach (CIL): Leaching thiab adsorption tau ua ke thiab ua tiav ib txhij hauv tib lub tso tsheb hlau luam. Cov txheej txheem no yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog haum rau ores uas muaj "kub- nyiag" tshuaj (lwm yam khoom uas muaj peev xwm adsorb kub), vim hais tias activated carbon tuaj yeem sib tw nrog lawv los tiv thaiv cov kub yaj. Txawm li cas los xij, vim tias qhov kub tsis tshua muaj nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj thaum leaching tsis tiav, cov khoom lag luam loj ntawm cov pa roj carbon activated feem ntau yuav tsum tau, thiab qhov kev nplua nuj feem ntau yog 800-1000.

 

Cov Txheej Txheem Pumpcell: Txais kev ua haujlwm zoo ib yam li "zoo siab- mus- puag ncig". Countercurrent flow yog ua tiav los ntawm kev hloov pauv cov pulp pub point thiab tailings paug taw tes yam tsis tas yuav tsum muaj lub cev txav ntawm carbon pulp. Txoj kev no txo ​​qis rov qab sib xyaw, tswj cov pa roj carbon hauv cov khoom siv, tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov kev sib xyaw ua ke ntau dua (1500-2500 lossis siab dua), thiab muaj cov khoom ntim ntau dua.

Cov txheej txheem xaiv nyob ntawm ntau yam xws li ore khoom, tsim nplai, peev, thiab cov nqi khiav lag luam.

 

VI. Txheej Txheem Kev Saib Xyuas thiab Kev Ntsuas Qhov kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov ntawm CIP / CIL cog cia siab rau kev saib xyuas ntawm qhov tseem ceeb, uas yog ntsuas los ntawm ob "yam":

 

- Kub Concentration hauv kev daws: Saib xyuas cov ntsiab lus kub hauv cov tshuaj ntawm qhov hluav taws xob ntawm txhua lub tank adsorption, uas yuav tsum qhia cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb -los ntawm - kauj ruam nqes.

- Kub Concentration nyob rau hauv kub- loaded Carbon: Saib xyuas lub kub load ntawm activated carbon nyob rau hauv txhua lub tank adsorption, uas yuav tsum qhia ib kauj ruam -los ntawm- kauj ruam downward trend ntawm pem hauv ntej mus rau sab nraum qab.

Kev tshuaj xyuas tsis tu ncua ntawm cov khoom no, ua ke nrog cov kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm qhov adsorption kinetic tus nqi (kev ua haujlwm) ntawm cov pa roj carbon activated, tuaj yeem pab cov nroj tsuag raws sij hawm txheeb xyuas cov teeb meem xws li tshuaj lom, txo cov cuab yeej siv, lossis kev ua haujlwm tsis txaus, yog li tswj xyuas qhov zoo ntawm cov nyiaj rov qab.

Activated carbon plays lub luag hauj lwm irreplaceable nyob rau hauv kub rov qab. Los ntawm lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm adsorbing kub cyanide ion khub, los daws cov teeb meem ntawm cov organic thiab inorganic tshuaj lom thiab scaling, rau desorption rov qab thiab xaiv txheej txheem, tag nrho cov txheej txheem tsim ib tug complex thiab npaum technical system. Hauv - kev nkag siab tob thiab kev tswj xyuas meej ntawm cov khoom siv roj carbon activated, cov txheej txheem txheej txheem, thiab kev sib npaug ntawm lub cev yog lub hauv paus ntawm kev ua kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo thiab kev lag luam kub rov qab.